Friday, December 4, 2009

Butterflies and Other Critters @ USR

Upper Seletar Reservoir Park (USR) has always been my favourite ground for butterfly watching and photography. Once again, I was on a solo trip to this familiar place.

Along the row of Syzygium hedges along the roadside, I found lots of planthoppers on one of the shrubs. A few wasps or perhaps hornets were foraging on the leaf surface on the same shrub as these planthoppers . Not sure if this is a Banded paper wasp (Polistes sagittarius). And this Yellow-vented hornet (Vespa analis) was seen stopping on the leaf for quite a while. I have no idea what it was trying to do. We only have four butterfly species belonging to the genus Flos and this Flos apidanus saturatus has been the most commonly seen in the nature reserves. She landed on a young leaf and slowly walked forward on the stem, looking for a spot to lay eggs.


She found it. The larva is known to have close association with ants. As you can see here the eggs were laid near some ants. If I had said it loudly ' Hi, mother Flos apidanus saturatus, don't be shy, let me see your face", pherhaps my shot would not had been obstructed.



Here is a picture of the host plant, a tall tree perhaps a Syzygium species
This Yamfly (Loxura atymnus fuconius) was shot at the water edge. A few of them, all lost their white-tipped tails, were seen sunbathing occasionally. Read more about this species here. Here is another shot that shows us a glimpse of a bright orange patch on the upperside forewing.The Knight (Lebadea martha parkeri) is quite common in some parks and our forest. Very often, it prefers to glide and perch on a leaf surface with wings fully open. My first shot of this relatively rare Colonel (Pandita sinope sinope) at USR was way back in 2005. Here was the shot taken then.This was my second encounter of this species here after four years. As usual, a very skittish guy, it preferred to stay high up most of the time.It is rather hard to spot a Dark Blue Jungle Glory (Thaumantis klugius lucipor) resting on the forest undergrowth as it blends very well with its environment. Very often its presence was noticed only when it was in flight as its very intense and magnificent metallic blue upperside surly caught our attention. The camera flash light really brought out the spectacular colours of the underside as well. I have begun to notice and shoot more species of moth in the wild since I started this blog almost a year ago. I usually have no clue of what I shot, like this one, a small moth resting underneath a leaf. But I hope one day someone will drop by here and name the species.Another Yellow-vented-hornet (vespa analias) was busy feeding on the dry fruits and the flowers of the Singapore Rhododendron (Melastoma malabathricum). Wow, at one moment as if it was staring at me.This fungus grew on a fallen tree trunk and I think the grasshopper was risking its life resting at that open and prominent position. This was my best attempt at shooting an in-flight male Orchithemis pulcherrima. Not a good shot as it was a bit too far from me. I hope to get a better shot next time. I consider this a rather fruitful outing. Let see what I will find during my next visit to USR, well, that should be at least two or three weeks later.

Tuesday, December 1, 2009

From West to East On a Saturday Morning

It was a beautiful Saturday (21 Nov) morning, I decided to join my colleagues KY and Jonathan for an outing to the Dairy Farm Park. Thanks Jonathan for giving me a ride.

Apart from some small groups of people who came here to enjoy the fresh air and the serenities of the park, the human traffic was considered quite low so was the insect activity.
Common Birdwing (Troides helena cerberus) and Tailed Jay (Graphiium agamemnon agamemnon) were the early visitors to these Pagoda Flowers (Clerodendrum paniculatum). Can you see a Tailed Jay in the picture ?


While KY and Jonathan were trying to snap some shots, I was at the other end and saw this large and common Monitor Lizard (Varanus salvator) resting at the roadside. I was stunned that it never fled when I approached closer. That little fly seemed to know this "monster" would never be able to get him. What a stark contrast of the size ! This small critter looks like a kind of cricket. It has long hind legs and a pair of long antennae, resting on a leaf opposite the Lantana bush. There were a few butterflies visiting the Lantana flowers. One of them was this skittish Common Blue Bottle (Graphium sarpedon luctatius, 青凤蝶) ) which I could manage only a long distance shot. Except for this brown skipper, a Caltoris species I believe, other flying jewels under the hot morning sun were just too fast and uncooperative for me to snap any satisfactory shot.
We saw this Dingy Line Blue (Petrelaea dana dana) puddling on the rather dry tarred road. After enough sun-tanning at the Lantana bush, we decided to "take cover" along the Wallace Trail. This looks like a nymph of a cricket ? I can see only four legs. I guess this is some sort of a fly with a long and yellow stripped abdomen. This large bracket fungus was found at shady place along the main trail. Another wild strikingly coloured mushroom was found. Any good reference material for identifying our wild fungi ? Neat the entrance of the Wallace Trail, I saw this shiny cocoon-like structure. A small fly was inside there as well. I wonder what it is . We went over to the "B Spa" area. This water snake was found at our usual hunting ground for butterflies. I have no clue if this is a poisonous snake. This large dragonfly, Anax guttatus was ovipositing nearby. As Jonathan had to be home early, we didn't stay very long at the "B Spa". We headed back to the East, somewhere near Pasir Ris for lunch. After lunch, KY and I checked out Pasir Ris Park for any flowering trees. We did find one near the MRT track. A few Autumn Leaf (Doleschallia bisaltide australis) butterflies were feeding on this blooming Syzygium tree but they were all high up. A few other smaller butterflies were high up feeding. Fortunately, this Club Silverline (Spindasis syama terana) was kind enough to feed on flowers at lower branches but it didn't not position itself nicely for us to take good shots. We found another Syzygium tree full of flower buds. In the next few days, there should be some insect activities on this particular tree.

Saturday, November 28, 2009

No Surprise @ Mount Faber Park

It has been almost a year since I last visited Mount Faber Park (MF). After collecting a free gift from Cannon Singapore on a late Friday morning, I dropped by the park which is just across the road. Same as before, I took a leisure stroll along Marang Trail, reaching the peak in less than 30 minutes.

My first shot of the afternoon was this small and drab moth resting on Saga (Adenanthera pavonina) leaves near the entrance of the trail.This plant looks like an Ardisia species to me. My curiosity was aroused when I noticed that there were many leaves with holes, a definite sign of insects eating the leaves.

I flipped over some leaves and found at least four larvae. The picture shows two of them , one early and one late instar. I guess these are larvae of an Abisara species (Thanks BJ).

The pupa looks quite cute and nice.This red beauty belongs to the Riodinidae family of butterfly. This should be a male Abisara species that I am not very confident of identifying it. Read this ButterflyCircle's blog article for an insightful and detailed discussion on its possible identity. I saw three individuals engaging in "dog-fighting " activity on a windy afternoon.

Due to its shady habitat and the usual persistent breeze at the location, getting a good shot of this species is always a challenge for us. This shot reveals the upperside of a male when he perched on a leaf very high up.These shots appear to be a Pointed Line Blue (Ionolyce helicon merguiana) perching on a leaf near the "playground" of the above Abisara species.The undersides of Ambon Onyx (Horaga syrinx maenala ) is predominantly ochreous brown with a prominent white band across both wings. I encountered three individuals chasing each other whenever an "intruder" came close to one's territory. This is one of my best instinctive snapshot as I hardly had any time to think and compose my shots on this guy. Colour Sergent (Athyma nefte subrata) seems to be a permanent resident at MF. This male was found along a row of hedges when he was sunbathing. I often encountered the male but not female.
It was a rare moment when I saw a half-opened wing Apefly (Spalgis epius epius), warming itself under the afternoon sun. This is my very first shot of the uppersides of this species. I am not sure if this tiny and cute critter is a froghopper. It was moving aimlessly on a stem but I had to follow it and aim hard to get this shot. No new species spotted but I was quite pleased to see and shoot quite a few butterfly species on a rather short weekday afternoon outing. Let's hope that one or two Vanessa species will visit us again this year.

Tuesday, November 24, 2009

Rich Biodiversity @ Temasek Junior College Part 2

I was pleasantly surprised to see that there were quiet a number of fauna species in the college. In addition to those critters mentioned in my previous post (see here), here are a few more species which I encountered.

This is a kind of Lynx spider. It does not spin webs but it has spiky long legs and excellent eyesight to hunt for its preys amongst flowers and foliage.
This is a male Plain Tiger (Danaus chrysippus chrysippus) butterfly which belongs to Danainae subfamily in the butterfly family Nymphalidae. Plain Tiger generally displays leisurely slow flights and is unpalatable to predators due to the chemicals ingested from the host plants Asclepias curassavica (Blood Flower) or Calotropis gigantea (Crown flower) during the larval stage. This is Lesser Grass Blue (Zizina otis lampa) which I featured in Part 1 of this series. So far I have not found another look-alike Pygmy Grass Blue (Zizula hylax pygmaea). This is Pale Grass Blue (Zizeeria maha serica) the largest of the three Grass Blue butterflies that can be found in town parks, gardens or even roadsides. In addition, the denser and more prominent underside submarginal black spots on both wings separate this from the other two species mentioned above. I am rather optimistic that I would find Pygmy Grass Blue as these three species share the same habitat.
Lemon Emigrant (Catopsilia pomona pomona) is a rather common and interesting butterfly that can be found in our urban parks as its larval host plants Senna fistula and Senna alata are common wayside trees. Female Lemon Emigrant has quite a number of forms which look differently. I have seen this fast-flying medium size butterfly visiting the college compound regularly but it was always skittish. So this indeed was a timely and lucky shot. This is a solitary Scoliid wasp with a pair of long antennae and some yellow stripes on its abdomen. This is most likely to be a species of Campsomeris according to John. It tends to bend and curve its body when feeding, making it a challenge for us to take a good shot of it.

This is a small Potter wasp, possibly an Apodynerus species. So long as we don't disturb them or their nests, these wasps in general are not aggressive and if they do come close to us, I usually just stand still and do not react offensively.
This honey bee looks like Apis cerana was found feeding on the flower heads. Again. these bees are not aggressive. We just leave them alone, quietly observing how they collecting nectar and pollinating the flowers can be quite inspirational.
Grasshoppers belong to the insect order Orthopetera which includes crickets and katydids as well. These insects' hind legs are long, robust and strong, enabling them to make long distance leaps effectively. This green planthopper belongs to the insect order Homoptera. Planthoppers feed on plant juices and excrete honeydew, a sweet by-product of digestion. This is a day-flying moth (syntomis huebneri) that is rather common in parks and gardens. The nectar from the Bidens flowers could make it stay there for a long time. A mating pair was found underside of a leaf. Usually the copulation takes at least an hour so that a sufficient number of eggs would be fertilised.
Vitex trifolia (Family : Verbenaceae) is a perennial herb, a treasure for uncle Neo who consumed the leaves regularly and found it beneficial for his health and eye sight. He propagated quite a few of them in the college compound.
This purple flower is Brazilian Button Flower (Centratherum punctatum , Family : Asteraceae). A bushy herb, the purple florets are rather showy and attractive.
This female Carpenter bee (Xylocopa confusa) was easily attracted by the flowers.
KY and I have seen quite a few other butterfly species visiting the school compound. We will continue to photograph them and perhaps include them in Part 3 of this series of write-ups.

Related post
1. http://peacockroyal.blogspot.com/2009/10/rich-biodiversity-temasek-junior.html